One of the greatest mistakes any small business owner can make is going into his business without knowing enough about the art and science of accounting. Unless you have the funds to hire an accountant from the very beginning, you will need to at least know the basics before you get started. Time and again, new businesses have failed not because their products, services, or operations were poorly managed, but because the owner did not know the first thing about proper bookkeeping and accounting. Without these essential skills, you won’t know whether your company is doing well or poorly, what changes need to be made from a financial standpoint, or what to do come tax time. Having a basic groundwork of accounting knowledge is not only helpful, it’s absolutely necessary.

Keep in mind that the importance of accounting extends beyond keeping track of the payroll. A good accounting software keeps track of almost every area of your financial records. You’ll need to keep a close eye on what money you owe, what money is owed to you, the trends in sales, the trends in purchasing, the overhead, and a hundred other things you may not have thought of. While it’s certainly easy to just hire someone else to take care of this, you may not have the money to do that in the beginning. Even if you do hire someone, you’ll want to know most–if not everything–they know. Not everyone is as scrupulous or competent as we would like them to be. If you don’t know anything about your accounting programs, you’ll be leaving yourself wide open to be ripped off intentionally, or failed unintentionally. In the end, you’ll have only yourself to blame for failing to learn the basics of accounting.

You’ll want to check your local community college for whatever courses they offer in the field, if you want to take the first steps toward becoming a competent amateur accountant. Don’t stop there, however. Borrow books from the library on the subject and study them when you have the chance. Check online to see if their exist any correspondence courses if you don’t feel you can spare the time to attend classes. Finally, talk to any in the accounting field and see what they think are the most important skills to acquire.

Much of accounting though, is also concerned with basic bookkeeping. This is the process that records every transaction; every bill paid, every dime owed, every dollar and cent spent and accumulated.

But the owners of the company, which can be individual owners or millions of shareholders are most concerned with the summaries of these transactions, contained in the financial statement. The financial statement summarizes a company’s assets. A value of an asset is what it cost when it was first acquired. The financial statement also records what the sources of the assets were. Some assets are in the form of loans that have to be paid back. Profits are also an asset of the business.